Projets de recherche
99 résultats
Líder de projeto: Christelle Gramaglia
Co-líders de projeto: Sofia Coelho Bento
Disciplinas:
ChimieSociologiePalavras chave:
PollutionVulnérabilitéRisqueConcertationHabitabilitéRésilienceResumo:
Ce projet vise à développer, à partir d'études sociologiques comparées menées dans 2 sites industriels du ROHM du Labex DRIIHM, une réflexion interdisciplinaire sur les savoirs, les incertitudes et les ignorances à propos des risques environnementaux et sanitaires. L’objectif est de partir des données disponibles, et de résultats originaux produits à l'occasion d'un stage post-doctoral, pour identifier des différences et similitudes dans les modes d’appréhension et de prise en charge des pollutions dans deux territoires littoraux Sud-Européens. Nous ambitionnons ainsi de mieux comprendre les raisons qui poussent à taire ou bien publiciser les risques environnementaux et sanitaires induits par la pollution, selon les époques. Nous prêterons une attention toute particulière aux efforts de connaissance experts et profanes qui visent à documenter les effets des pollutions sur la vie quotidienne des populations concernées. Nous examinerons les perceptions tout autant que les contraintes qui pèsent sur les riverains et leurs engagements pour faire face aux risques. Nous nous poserons enfin la question de savoir comment rapprocher les partes prenantes pour ouvrir sur de nouvelles possibilités de surveiller et réguler les risques dans les territoires soumis à de fortes pressions anthropiques de manière concertée.
Participantes:
Sofia Coelho Bento, Maria Teresa Condesso de Melo, Lucia Oliveira Fernandes, Joana GuérinLíder de projeto: Andrés Andrés Rodríguez Seijo
Co-líders de projeto: Ruth Pereira, Anabela Cachada, Nuno Durães, Carla Patinha, Isabelle Laffont-Schwob
Disciplinas:
BiologieChimieEcologiePedologiePalavras chave:
AGRICULTURAL SOILSMICROBIAL ASSESSMENTMICROPLASTICNEW CONTAMINANTSSOILRISK ASSESSMENT.Resumo:
This project proposes to study the impact of Microplastics in agricultural soils, though the assessment of several soil properties: physical (soil texture, soil structure and bulk density), chemical (pH, cation exchange capacity, organic matter, potentially toxic elements and compounds) and biological properties (soil enzymatic activity and/or soil organisms). Although this project could be developed in any region, Estarreja region offers an exceptional environment due to having a mixed area of agricultural and industrial activities, where MPs can act as carriers of potentially toxic elements and compounds, as reported for aquatic ecosystems. Further, insights brought by this project can be useful to support the development of soil management measures specifically targeting the restoration of the quality of soils from Estarreja.
Participantes:
Ruth Pereira, Anabela Cachada, Carla Patinha, Nuno Durães, Isabelle Laffont-SchwobLíder de projeto: Serigne Abdoul Lahad Yade
Co-líders de projeto: Ana Catarina Sousa, Yves Noack
Disciplinas:
ChimieMedecineSante publiquePalavras chave:
Pollution de l'air intérieurBPCOPollution aux métauxtessekéréEstarrejaexposition fumée de biomassezone indusrialiséeResumo:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Historically, smoking has been identified as the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the world. However, exposure to other risk factors is increasingly being recognized as a possible cause of COPD. Indoor air pollution, for example, is one of those risk factors. The sources of indoor contamination might be derived from industrial activities and/or indoor activities such as biomass burning for cooking and heating. About 3 billion people, half the worldwide population, are exposed to smoke from biomass fuel compared with 1.01 billion people who smoke tobacco, which suggests that exposure to biomass smoke might be the biggest risk factor for COPD globally. In populations with low smoking prevalence, such as women in developing countries, it is estimated that 80% of chronic bronchial obstruction cases are attributable to factors other than tobacco. In this project, we intend to implement the RESPIRA project that is being developed in the highly industrialized area of Estarreja, Portugal, in Tessekéré, Senegal in order to study the contribution of exposure to biomass smoke to chronic pulmonary diseases. The results obtained with these twin projects will allow to better understand the role of the indoor environment on the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in two countries with distinctive contamination sources and with different socio/economic and geographical characteristics
Participantes:
SERIGNE ABDOUL LAHAD YADE, Yves Noack, Ana Catarina Sousa, Ramiro Pastorhino, Carla Valente, Ricardo PaisLíder de projeto: Myriam Lopes
Co-líders de projeto: Johnny Reis, Maria de Fátima Alves
Disciplinas:
BiochimieChimieSciences de gestionSante publiquePalavras chave:
Low-cost sensorsAir qualityPopulation awarenessCivil protection.Resumo:
Emissions of air pollutants and consequent air pollution cause a variety of adverse impacts on human health, crops damage, losses of biodiversity, acidification of soils and surface waters, including impacts on buildings and cultural heritage. Despite significant emissions decrease and air quality improvement in Europe and Portugal over the last decade, ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM) atmospheric levels still exceeding EU standards. Nowadays, environmental monitoring is based on fixed measurement stations containing sophisticated analytical equipment to achieve a high data quality. Due to the high cost of investment and maintenance, only a limited number of pollutants (e.g. CO, NOx, SO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5) are monitored at quite few locations. The fundamental information available on air quality does not meet the needs of citizens or the requirements of advanced environmental information services, city infrastructure supervision or civil protection management and emergency systems. Emerging low-cost sensor technologies can change this paradigm allowing pollution monitoring with high spatial-temporal resolution available at every person´s fingertips. Environmental information from stationary and mobile sensor networks could be integrated and make available to the public, supported by new Information and communication Technologies. The availability of micro sensor data promotes a fruitful background for the development of new information services addressing personalized citizen needs, as well, as urban planning and management and, decision making requirements. The main objective of this project is to evaluate the use of reliable air quality micro sensors and to contribute towards decision-making and civil protection support, based on big data approach.
Participantes:
Johnny Reis, Maria de Fátima AlvesLíder de projeto: Alda Marques
Co-líders de projeto: Ana M. Sousa, Ana C. Sousa
Disciplinas:
BiologieEco-epidemiologieMedecineSante publiquePalavras chave:
COPDPULMONARY REHABILITATIONLUNG MICROBIOTAResumo:
PRISMA capitalizes on MicroRESPIRA, which found high abundance of bacteria, allergic and pathogenic agents for the human respiratory tract above the admissible values set by the National Legislation in the homes of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, these people are at higher risk of having acute exacerbations, which causes severe individual, social and economic impacts. However, little has been done to improve patients’ awareness about the impact their home environment might have in their disease and quality of life. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an evidence-based intervention known to improve patients’ education, reduce symptoms, exacerbations, hospital admissions and quality of life however, it is highly inaccessible. PRISMA will overcome this barrier. It will also enhance our understanding of the mechanisms behind the effectiveness of PR by exploring the modulation of lung microbiota, since acute exacerbations might be caused by individual’s microbiota, however, this is still poorly understood.
Participantes:
Ana C. Sousa, Ana M. Sousa, Carla Valente, Sara Miranda, Célia FreitasLíder de projeto: Nuno Durães
Co-líders de projeto: Carla Patinha, Anabela Cachada, Ana Luís, Ruth Pereira
Disciplinas:
BiogeochimieEcologieGeologiePalavras chave:
Rice paddiesSoil quality statusAgrochemicalsHeavy metalsSalinityEcotoxicological essaysDiatomsResumo:
Estarreja is a region of marked contrasts, where an almost unique ecological reservoir, the Baixo Vouga Lagunar (BVL), contrasts with one of the most important chemical industry of the country. Fortunately, these contrasts between nature and man’s hand are not always so marked. Integrated in this ecological reserve, man modelled the land and used the surface water reservoirs to develop there an agricultural practice dedicated to rice cultivation, and perfectly harmonized with the surrounding landscape – the “Bocage landscape”. However, rice cultivation in the region of BVL (the only place in the north of Portugal where rice is cultivated) has been abandoned in the last decades. The reasons for this abandon are several, however the main one is the low paid prices for the produced rice and the unproductivity of the soils caused by saline water intrusion. Since now some funds are being provided to encourage rice production in this region, it is important to study the actual quality status of the soil (geochemical and ecological status) in the rice paddies under cultivation and in the abandoned ones. This study is crucial not only to assess and understand the potential of this area to support this agricultural practice (in the present and in the future), but also to estimate the possible environmental impacts that may arise from rice cultivation in a protected ecological landscape like this one.
Participantes:
Carla Patinha, Anabela Cachada, Ana Luís, Ruth PereiraLíder de projeto: Jean-Philippe Bedell
Co-líders de projeto: Susete Martin Dias
Disciplinas:
ChimieEcologieEcophysiologieSedimentologiePalavras chave:
EcotoxicologyBioavailabilityPollutants mobilityRisk assessmentOrganic pollutantsEmerging contaminantsSoilsEarthwormsPlantsEnvironmental pollutionEnvironmental qualityResumo:
Soil, an important environmental compartment, is largely affected daily by anthropogenic activities such as industries, traffic and waste disposal. These activities can bring to the soils large quantities of several contaminants and consequently they can easily enter the food chain and the trophic scale of ecosystems via plants and animals. This type of organic pollutants can persist for long times in the environment, being susceptible to transport for long distances, then they can easily reach a large geographic area and be widely dispersed. It is of an extreme importance to assess the environmental and human health risk pose by this problem. In this work, an evaluation and a comparison study will be done through bioavailability tests and ecotoxicological bioassays with plants and invertebrates in order to assess the real risk inherent to the presence of such pollutants in soils of an important industrial area: Estarreja (Portugal) as well as in the“casiers Girardon” of Rhône river (France). These constructions were responsible for significant changes in the sedimentation processes in the river banks especially during overflow episodes. Sediment deposition can lead also to several ecosystem and health risks once some inorganic and organic pollutants can be associated to these sediments.
Participantes:
Claudia COELHO, Susete MARTIN DIAS, Renata Ferreira, Rui Fragoso, Manuela Inácio, Myriam Hammada, Yves PerrodinLíder de projeto: Elisabete Figueiredo
Co-líders de projeto: Sandra Valente
Disciplinas:
SociologiePalavras chave:
Análise de ConteúdoAnálise de ImprensaNarrativas mediáticas sobre o CQERisco ambiental e seu tratamento mediático.Resumo:
Desde a sua criação, o Complexo Químico de Estarreja (CQE) introduziu transformações reais na vida quotidiana das populações do concelho de Estarreja, no seu poder económico, nos seus hábitos e práticas de consumo, na sua paisagem e meio ambiente. O aparecimento e desenvolvimento das empresas que formam o CQE não se fez sem custos ambientais e sem colocar, às populações envolventes e aos ecossistemas naturais, riscos relevantes que se materializaram em alguns casos em problemas concretos de poluição atmosférica, dos solos e da água, com impactos ambientais evidentes e igualmente na saúde humana e nas atividades económicas, particularmente na agricultura. O CQE integra estabelecimentos industriais que possuem grandes quantidades de substâncias perigosas cujo o transporte, armazenamento, manuseamento e transformação configuram situações de risco de acidentes industriais graves, quer para os próprios trabalhadores, quer para a população envolvente. Esta circunstância contribui para ‘marcar’ o território local, conferindo-lhe uma identidade bastante específica no contexto regional e nacional, bastante assente na indústria química e, sobretudo, nos riscos que a mesma foi representando, ao longo dos últimos 60 anos. Estas características, especialmente os aspetos associados ao risco, concorrem para a constituição do CQE como objeto potencialmente mediático, ou seja, potencialmente alvo da atenção dos meios de comunicação social, essencialmente de âmbito regional, mas igualmente à escala nacional. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é a análise do tratamento mediático dado ao CQE pela imprensa escrita nacional, no sentido de contribuir para a reconstituição da história do Complexo e da sua relação com a envolvente.
Participantes:
Valente SandraLíder de projeto: Paula Marinho
Co-líders de projeto: Yves Noack, Gaël Le Roux, Samuel Robert
Disciplinas:
BiogeochimieBiogeographieChimieGeologieGeoreferencementGeospatialisationPalavras chave:
Geographical Information SystemsPotentially Toxic ElementsGeostatisticsMultivariate AnalysisIsotope FingerprintingResumo:
The main aim of the project is to carry out a systematic geochemical soil mapping in the areas of Estarreja, Vicdessos, Gardanne and Marseille. Geochemical soil mapping is needed in order to understand the sources, transport, transformations, and fate (including human and ecosystem health) of chemical constituents in the settings of the different Observatoires Hommes-Milieux (OHMs). Geochemical soil maps will be produced by the regional interpolation of element concentration data obtained from samples collected from georeferenced sites and the digital soil maps (DSM) will be made publicly available on the Internet to potential end-users. Elemental concentrations in the soil will be determined using a field-portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (FPXRF). Given the multiplicity of anthropogenic sources that are characteristic of urban and industrial environments under study, isotopic studies will be carried out for tracing and quantifying mixed sources of certain potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils.
Participantes:
Gaël Le Roux, Yves Noack, Samuel Robert, Maria Eduarda Pereira, Jorge Medina, Marina Cabral Pinto, Joana Coimbra, François De Vleeschouwer, Didier Galop, Catherine Keller, Jesus Diaz-SAnz, P-E. Mathe, Guirec Ollivier, J-C. Raynal, H. MicheLíder de projeto: Jean-Philippe Bedell
Co-líders de projeto: Susete Martin Dias
Disciplinas:
ChimieEcologiePalavras chave:
EcotoxicologyBioavailabilityMobilityRisk assessmentOrganic pollutantsEmerging contaminantsSoilsEarthwormsPlantsEnvironmental pollutionEnvironmental qualityResumo:
Soil, an important environmental compartment, is largely affected daily by anthropogenic activities such as industries, traffic and waste disposal. These activities can bring to the soils large quantities of several contaminants and consequently they can easily enter the food chain and the trophic scale of ecosystems via plants and animals. This type of organic pollutants can persist for long times in the environment, being susceptible to transport for long distances, then they can easily reach a large geographic area and be widely dispersed. It is of an extreme importance to assess the environmental and human health risk pose by this problem. In this work, an evaluation and a comparison study will be done through bioavailability tests and ecotoxicological bioassays with plants and invertebrates in order to assess the real risk inherent to the presence of such pollutants in soils of an important industrial area: Estarreja (Portugal).
Participantes:
Claudia COELHO, Susete MARTIN DIAS, Myriam HAMMADA, Renata FERREIRA, Rui Fragoso, Manuela InácioLíder de projeto: Carla Patinha
Co-líders de projeto: Ana Lillebø, Nuno Durães, Ana Luis, Ana Sousa, Ana Claudia Dias
Disciplinas:
BiogeochimieChimieGeoreferencementPalavras chave:
BenchmarkSaline soilBaixo Vouga Lagunarfloodbank constructionResumo:
The Ria de Aveiro has been subdue to Human action to enable the lagoon harbour navigability. The most visible impact has been at Baixo Vouga Lagunar (BVL), were the land has been affected by surface saltwater intrusion. Salinization reduces soil productivity, causing the abandonment of agriculture. The completion of the floodbank construction will carry out environmental/ecological changes in the BVL. It is expected to avoid surface saltwater intrusion, however this cannot ensure the absence of saline groundwater intrusion. Hither way it is crucial to acquire benchmark conditions before the intervention in order to monitor the future evolution of the salinization process in BVL. SoilSalt will provide the benchmark for the actual status, extension and degree of soil degradation that will support the identification of potential future hazards or salinization attenuation processes. SoilSalt aims establishing the link between farmers and academics supporting the development of the Estarreja Strategic Development Plan 2015-2025.
Participantes:
Lillebø Ana, Durães Nuno, Luis Ana, Sousa Ana I., Dias Ana ClaudiaLíder de projeto: Ana Catarina Sousa
Disciplinas:
BiologieChimieEco-epidemiologieEcologie de la santeGenetiqueGeoreferencementGeospatialisationMedecineSante publiquePalavras chave:
Environmental healthrespiratory diseasesindoor environmentenvironmental contaminantsmetalspersistent organic pollutantsmicrobiomegenotoxicityResumo:
Estarreja is a highly industrialized area with high prevalence of respiratory diseases, however there is limited information on the determinants of respiratory health of Estarreja inhabitants’. The present project aims to describe the status of respiratory health in a representative sample of Estarreja adult population and understand the key environmental factors that affect the respiratory health of Estarreja inhabitants’. In this sense, the indoor environment will be characterized in terms of microbiome, and in terms of chemical contaminants. Additionally, the burden of chemical contaminants will be evaluated in human samples and the oxidative stress characterized. Our goal is to unravel possible associations between the indoor contaminants and the exacerbations symptoms in patients with respiratory diseases so that guidelines regarding the minimization of exposure can proposed in order to reduce exacerbations and prevent new cases, which ultimately may be translated into a better respiratory health status of the Estarreja population.
Líder de projeto: Juliette Rouchier
Co-líders de projeto: Corinne Pardo
Disciplinas:
EconomieGeographieSociologiePalavras chave:
Serious gamedilemme de biens communsargumentationcoordination action collectivesciences de l'éducationResumo:
Le projet s'inscrit dans une vision d'éducation au développement durable, porté en partie par les sciences de l'éducation et plus généralement les sciences sociales s'intéressant à la coordination d'action collective et aux moyens de l'améliorer. L'aspect éducatif est abordé par l'intermédiaire d'un jeu, déjà construit pour représenter des éléments structurels liés à la problématique des boues rouges traitées dans le cadre de l'OHM bassin minier. Ce jeu se veut facilement utilisable par des enseignants ou des animateurs souhaitant se l'approprier pour des publics divers - il n'a pour autant pas encore été testé suffisamment pour garantir que l'aspect éducatif soit atteint - que ce soit pour apprendre des modèles de processus, ou des comportements d'arbitrage liés à des interactions sociales et économique liées à la co-action autour de biens communs. Le but du projet est donc d'établir un réseau de chercheurs, d'école et éventuellement d'associations et de tester le même jeu dans diverses circonstances autour d'une grille d'analyse commune. Le jeu dans une version stabilisée et approuvée, ses modifications éventuelles (généralisation), le protocole construit, ainsi que le réseau d'école en contact et impliquée, seront les résultats du projet.
Participantes:
Corinne Pardo, Angela Barthes, Sylvie BlangyLíder de projeto: Flavio Silva
Co-líders de projeto: Jan Jacob Keizer, Luísa Seuanes Serafim, Paulo Costa Lemos, Isabel Campos
Disciplinas:
BiochimieBiologieChimiePalavras chave:
BioremediationMultiple contaminantsBiocharMixed microbial culturesResumo:
While soils of Estarreja continue to be important sinks of persistent contaminants, existing remediation techniques are often ineffective and fail when addressing multiple contaminants. Biochar – biomass pyrolysed for enhancing carbon sequestration and other biomass productivity – presents a dual potential for improving soil decontamination: its exceptionally high porosity can both promote adsorption of contaminants and provide habitat conditions for microbial biofilm development. It is hypothesized that the microbiomes existing in contaminated soils present enhanced abilities to thrive under such adverse environments, thus allowing for a natural improvement of the ecosystem services provided by the soil. The proposed research aims at a novel technique for remediating soil contamination, through development of biochar-attached biofilms made of mixed microbial cultures taken from those “dirty” soils identified in Estarreja and stimulated to oxidize both organic and inorganic contaminants. The work programme encompasses: microbial fingerprinting of the contaminated soils, ex situ development of biofilms cultivated from those microbiomes onto biochar carriers and assessment of the contaminant uptake kinetics.
Participantes:
Jan Jacob Keizer, Isabel Campos, Luísa Seuanes Serafim, Paulo Costa LemosLíder de projeto: Anabela Cachada
Co-líders de projeto: Sirine Bouguerra, Ruth Pereira
Disciplinas:
BiologieChimieEcophysiologiePalavras chave:
Trifolium spZea maysplant-soil mesocosmplant physiological stresssoil ecologysoil biochemical activityResumo:
Agriculture is an important sector in Estarreja region, in terms of landscape occupation and socio-economic input. However, due to the environmental impacts of the industrial sector and natural environmental change, local resources such as groundwater are known to be degraded and contaminated. Particularly, a certain level of soil and water salinization has been observed. Therefore, there is an arising demand for developing new farming practices for maintaining healthy and productive terrestrial ecosystems, together with efficient use of local resources. The main objective of this project is to suggest a farming practice (No-tillage) which contribute to environmental and ecological conservation and preservation of soil quality. Thus, the efficiency of No-tillage will be discussed through an experimental design for testing effects on farm soil parameters, soil retention function and crops production. In addition, a comparative study between the present farming practice and the proposed one will be attained.